Pointing device for ordnance



R. SCHRMNN AND L. SCHMIDT.

PolNTmG DEVICE Foa onoNANcE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 7 19g/0x Patented July 5, 1921.1

R. scHnMANN AND L. SCHL/MDT.

POINTINGDEVICE FOR ORDNANCE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 1. |920.

1,384,000. Patented July 5, 1921 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. F Lg. 2. B

w Bi,

M1 Cv KZ 'M C5 Cil RICHARD SCHRMANN AND LEOPOLD SCHMIDT, vorv ESSEN, GERMANY, YAs'sIGNoJaS tro FRI-ED. -KRUBP A-.KrriiN(iEsELLsoHnrfr, OF ESSEN-ON-Tnnnunii,GERM-ANY. .f Y

POINTING Dnv'rcn For; .ORDNANCE Lesaeo.

Be it known Ythat we, 'RICHARD SOHR- MA-NN, residing at Essen, Germany, and LEOPOLD SCHMIDT, residing `at Essen," Germany, both citizens of the German Republic, have invented a certain new and useful Tmprovement in Pointing Devices for Ordnance, for which we have liled application in Germany, filed J an. 18, 1918, of which the following is a specification. w

This invention relates to pointing devices for guns, two members of which are rotatable about similarly directed axes and adjustable parallel toeach other.V In known pointing devices ofthis kind there is provided on one of the two parts-of the gun Aan, arm provided with an adjusting'mark, which latter can be set to a mark arranged on the other part of the gun. These known pointing devices suffer from the disadvantage that an arm of great length must be provided in order to obtain an adequately accurate adjustment.

This invention refersV to a pointing device of the kind hereinbefore mentioned, in which this disadvantage is avoided without prejudice to the accuracy of the adjustment obtainable. i i.

This invention will be described with .reference to the accompanying drawingswhich show a pointing device for adjusting the elevation of the gun barrel and which is con-` structedaccording to this invention. j

Figure l is a side lelevation of the pointing device itself together with thev adjacent parts-.ofthe gun, Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 orn Fig. l, on an enlarged scale looking from the right, and

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. l, looking from the right.

f A denotes the gun barrel which Vmoves longitudinally when the gun isV tired in a Vcradle B, which is pivotally mounted by means of two-trunnions -Z/ Vin the gun carriage C and can be adjusted together with the gun barrel A by meansV of toothed sector elevating gear B2' (see Fig. l). On one oi' the two trunnions 'o' is mounted a rocking lever D kadapted to l*rotate independently thereof and which is coupled by two parallel connecting rods E to a second rockingv lever F adapted to rotate about a similarly directed axis. This rocking lever Fis Vrigidly attached to a shaft F. which is carried Specification of Letters Patent.

in a sleeve c mounted on the gun carriage,

.which bearing .sleeve v0" is enlarged at its vfree end into a drum shaped hollow journal 02, on which is rotatably mounted a sleeve G closed -at its end by a coverp'late g. l, Y v `In the sleeve G, which carries a sighting telescope G2, is mounted a worm H, whch is selflocking and can bejadjusted by means of aV small milled head 7L and engages with a series of teeth c3 on Vthe* hollow journal c2 so'that the sleeve G'can therefore be so ro'- tated 'relatively to the stationary hollow journal 02 byturning. the milled head 7L" that the Vsighting line of the sighting telescope Gzjreceives 'the Vdirection Vcorresponding to the elevation of Athe target. There` is also mounted lin the sleeveG a second worm J, which can be adjusted by means of a milled head z" and which projects into lan opening 04 in the hollowj'ournal @tandis in 'engage! Patented Jury 5, roei. Application mea september 7, 1920. seri-a1 N6. 408,74.

nected tothe Vshaft F 1.

`,Let it be suppose-'d thatthere'isa' sha-lt f-A/f at right `angles to `the 'axis ofl rotation of the shaft F andthe shaft is so adjusted' that the angle which the axis forms withthe sighting line ofthe :sighting tele-f scope is equal tothe angle oftheattachment corresponding lto a Yixed `distance away of the. target, when each such'V adjustment corresponds j within certain limits with a fixed distance away of the target. The ranges of the target are read 'ori' bymeans of a graduation f4' (see Fig. l), which is'arranged Von a'sector'shaped disk-.F'rigidly connected to the shaft F', Yand, amarkV g4 (Fig. l) which is'vsituatedon the-edge of an opening g3 provided inthe cover plate 67.

Underneath thetrunnion of, which carriesa 5" rocking lever D is mounted, in a-sleeve Ciattached tothe gunicarriage C, ajshat-K provided with a spur wheel' gearing ki(seeFig`.

jThe'spur pinion 7c gears with a toot-lied Y limit to the other of the range of elevation. 'lo the spur pinion'M is rigidly connected a disk lvl and to'the. shaft VK a disk K2 bearing against the disk M', Which disk K2 has an adjustment mark 7st,' which is arranged on a Vslide K3 guidedin a radial direction onthe disk K2. The slide K2 en-V gages by means of a pin'ff in a spiral groove 'm2 in the disk M', so that on mutual rota-VK thc gun carriage ,C withV the longitudinal lli axis of the gun barrels, thisfmutual position or the parts ik and F of the gun is corresponded to by a certain mutual angular position of the disks K2. andM, since the Vdisk K2 is positively connected to the shaft F and the disk M to the gun barrel A. Assumev also that the axis f-f is rotated into a different angular position relatively to the gun carriage and the gun barrel is simultaneously so adjusted that the longitudinal axis is again parallel With the axis /i-t' then, in this latter casegtlie disks K2 and M will be rotated through equa-l angles, since the ratio of transmission between the disk K2 and the shaft F is Vequal to the ratio of transmission. between the disk M and theiguii barrel. The disks lf2 .and lvl possess thereforeV after this adjustment exactly the Vsaine mutual angular position.

as they did previously. it iollo'ivs from this that the mark 7st, it the longitudinal'` axis and the axisl ,1t-" are set parallel With each other, always points to the` same point on the disk M. This point is rendered recognizable by, the adjustmentVV mark m2.V It

therefore the mark 7st of the adjusting mem-A ber formed by the Ydisk K2 points to the point on the adjusting member formed .by the disk hl indicated by the mark m3, then the longitudinal axis is always parallel with the axis /t-' that is to say, the tivo parts A and F of the gun are set parallel with Veach other.

The use ot the above described pointing device takes place in the following way. ByV turning themilled head 7L the sleeve G is first so rotated by meansof the Worm Wheel gearing` H, V02 on the stationary hollow journal c2 that the sighting line ofl the sighting telescope G2 receives the direction corresponding to the elevation of the the target. Next Vby turning the milled head2 the shaft F is so adjusted by means` orf the worin,k

Wheel gearing, el, F2, that the graduation The adjustment mark 7a4 ad-V 'direction over the disk ci" the engagement of the pin 705 1n the spiral the axis mark of the graduation ft, which corresponds to the range ofthe'target is brought opposite the reading off mark (/4 on the edge the opening g3 (see Fig. l). The axis f-f then makes with the sighting line an. angle, Which is equal to the ring angle corresponding to the range of the target. The rotation which the shaft F makes during the said adjustment, is transmitted by the rocking lever F and the connecting rods E Y connected thereto to the rocking lever D and to the toothed sector D rigidly attached thereto so that the toothed sector D sets the shaft l together with the disk K2, attached thereto in rotation by means of the spur pinion 7s (see Fig. Under these circumstances the disk h2 is as a rule brought into an angular position with respect to the disk M in which the, mark 7a4 lines in a different axial plane to the mark m3. At the same time the slide l@ which carries the mark LL is moved owing to the engage ment ot the pin 7n,5 inthe spiral groove m2 a certain distance in a radial direction. The desired elevation isk now imparted to the gun barrel by means ot the elevating gear while the disk K2 remains rest. The rotation of the gun barrel which takes vplace here, also taken upby the toothed sector B3 Which is rigidly attached to one of the trunnions and the'. rotation of this toothedy ries the mark 7J1 is again moved in a radial groove m2. As soon as the disk. M has been moved such an amount that on the mark m2' lies in the saine axial one hand the Y j plane Aas the niark 714 and on the other hand the slide lig hasbeen moved such a distance,

in, a radial direction that the mark 7c* points to the point Yon the disk lil indicated by the mark m3, the longitudinal axis ot the gun barrel is parallel With the axis that is to say, the sighting line of the tclescope G2 also forms with the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel an angle which is equal to the iiring angle which corresponds to the range of the target. The desired eleration has therefore been imparted to gun barrel. y

As the disk M can rotate` through more than 360 relatively to the disk l when the gun barrel is adjusted the possibility exists that at a certain adjustment of the gun barrelvthe marks m3 and 712'* may ylie in the M in consequencer the Y Aiso saine axial plane but lWhen the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel is not parallel with y No error can however'arise throughvthis sincein this case the radial distanceof the mark -7vt from the coniinon'axis ot rotation of the disks l2 ,and M is diifen isagoco j 3.

' ent from the corresponding distance of the mark mltherefromfso thatthe mark 104 ,can nottherefore point to the point indicated by themark m3. f Y' Because when the vanglesof rotation of the gun barrel A and the member F are the same, the corresponding angles of rotation of thedisks M: and K2 amount to a multiple ofthe first mentioned angles of rotation, the resultis that in the case of an'inaccurate mutual adjustment ofthe marks lo* and vmaf the difference between .the directions of the longitudinal axisjof the gunbarrel andthe axis '-.,f can'oiilyamount to a smalLfractional part ofthe error made in the adjustment ofthe marks lo* and This error becomesgreater under otherwise equal conditions, as the distance of the marks la* and m3 become smaller from-the common Vaxis .of rotation ofthe Ydisks K2 and M.. As, however, the difference; between :the directions of the longitudinal axis offtlie gun barrel andthe axis f-f amounts `to only ,a fractional part of this-error,..it is possible even in the case of asmalldistance ofthe Vmarks cl and 7a3-from the common axis of rotation of the disks K2 and M and accordingly also for a correspondingly small amount of space occupied' by the adjusting Vmembers Kfand M, to obtain asufhcieiitly accurate adjustment ofthe gun barrel."

1. A pointing devicer for gunsgcomprising aV range device, a pair of adjusting members rotatable independentlyrof each otherab'out the sameaxis, meansconnecting said range device to one of said adjusting members, said connecting means; moving said adjusting memberv through a greater angle than the angle of rotation of the range device, ymeans Vconnecting. the second adjusting member to theV gun,v said means moving the second adfjusting. member-:through an -angle greater than the angle vofrotationof thegun part appertaining thereto', .the .ratio Y of A.rotation of saidA adjustingfmembers'.being 'the same, substantially as and for :the purpose de- 9^. A pointing .device .oftlie characterdescribed ivliicliwcomprises the combination with a gun and trunnions therefor of a sighting telescope, -a range. device.. connected to Vsaid telescope, an adjusting member positively coniiected'to said range device and operated thereby, a second adjusting member cooperating with saidfirst adjusting meinber and positively moved When the gun is elevated, said adjusting members having the same ratio of movement and vbeing constructed to move through an angle greater than the angle of rotation of the range device and gun respectively, said first `and secondmechanism having amovable and a stationary adjustmenty mark respectively, las and for the purpose set forth. Y

3. Apointing-device for guns which com.- prises Va range device, tivo'adjustingz members, means for positively connecting one of the adj usting members to -the'range device iso. that upon a movement of the; range device a corresponding movement of the adjusting member Will occur, the second adjusting y member being positively connected to the ,gun trunnion in such a'manner .thatvmovement ofthe gunv will be correspondingly transmitted'to this adjustingmember, said adjusting members having the Vsame ratio of` rotation but moving throughfa greater angle than the angle ofrotation ofthe .range device and gun trunnion respectively, a. .vari-j ably positionedadjustment mark on the firsty adjusting member and a coperatingadjustment mark. upon the 4second adjusting member,` as. and for the. purpose set forth.

t. A-pointing, device for guns which com.- prises a range device,fa pair of adjusting members, means positively connecting the range device tothe one` ofthe .adjusting members, meanspositively connecting the` second adjusting member to the trunnion of the gunin such'amann'er that amovement; of. thegun is correspondingly transmitted.

tothe second adjusting member, an adjust-v ing mark permanently fixed With relation l to the secondv adjusting member, another-adv justment 'markY operatively mounted with respectjtothe first-.adjusting member, .said adjustment mark. being variable, vthe means for .varying the position of this mark comprising aslide uponivhich the mark is placed, a pin proj ectingfrom .said slide, said pin engaging `a spiral groove arranged.- in

ythe face .of the second iadjustingmember,

ment of the range'- device will. be correspondingly .transmitted f to the adjusting member, a segmentA andl pinion mechanism vfor operatively connecting the second adjiistable member to the trunnion of a' gun in such a mannerthat movement of the lgun will .be correspondingly.' transmitted .to the second .adjusting member and coperating'f adjustment marks onv they said ad'iistingmembers, as and for the purpose set orth.

6. A pointing device for `adjusting two gun parts rotatable independently of each other aboutaxes of the same direction to assume a particular angular vposition relatively-to each other, said pointing deviceV comprising two adjusting members rotatable independently of each other about the same iso Y axis, a gearing positively connecting eachof said adjusting` members to one of said Vgun parts respectively, each gearing having the same ratio of vtransmission and being constructed to turnthe adjustingA member connected thereto through an angle greater v than the angle of rotation. of the gun; part appertaining thereto and each of said ad- 'ustino' members carr inoan ad'ustinfr :l t) b mark adapted to register the adjusting mark of the other adjusting member when said gun parts assume their' particular angular position relatively to each other.

7. A pointing device for adjusting two gun partsV rotatable independently or' each otheraboutfaxes of the same direction to assume a particular position relatively to each other, said pointing device comprising tivo adjusting members rotatableindependently or' each other about the 'same.ax'is, gearing positively connecting each of said adjusting members toone or said gun parts respectively, each gearing having the same ratio oftransmission andbeing constructed to turn the adjusting member connected thereto through an angle, greater'than 360' degrees, a slide mounted on'oneoa said adjusting members `and movable in radial di-rv rection, saidV slide and said other adjusting member carrying adjusting marks adapted to register each other, means for altering the radial distance between said adjusting marks, said means being adapted to be actuated by the rotation of each of said adjusting members and causing said'distance to be altered by the saine amount but in opposite direction when said adjusting members are rotated through the same angle and inthe same direction. I

8. A pointing device for adjusting tivo gun parts rotatable independently or' each other about axes of the same direction to assume a particular angular position-relativelyvto each other, said Vpointing device comprising tivo adjusting members rotatable independently of each other about the same axis, one of said adjusting members carry-V ing an adjusting mark iixed thereto, a slide mounted on the other adjusting member and movable in radial direction, said slide carrying an' adjusting mark adapted to regis-` ter said first-named adjusting mark, a gearing positively connecting each-of saiidrad-V justing members to one osaid gun parts respectively, each gearing having the same ratio or' transmission and being constructed to turn the adjusting member connected thereto through any angle greater than 360 degrees, and a gearing for radially displacing said slide, said gearing being adapted to be actuated by the rotation of each of said adjusting members.

9.v A pointing device for adjusting two gun parts rotatable independently of each 'other aboutaxes of the same direction to adjusting members to one `of said gun parts respectively', eachV gearing having the same ratio of transmission and being constructed to turn the' adjusting. Vmember connected thereto through' an angle greater than 360 degrees, and a ,pin projecting from said slide, said pin engaging a spiral groove ar-f ranged in theV fac-e of'said first named adjusting member.

p10. A sighting device :tor ordnance comprising a sighting means carrier, a range member rotatable independently of the gun barrel about an axis having the same direc.

tion as the axis Vor the guntrunnions, means for adjustingrsaid range member and the sighting means .carrier relatively to each other for range, tWo adjustingmembers rotatable independently ofeach other about the same axis, a gearing positively connecting oneoi"i"said adjusting members toV the gun barrel, another gearing positively connecting thejother adjusting member to said range member, each gearing having the same,

ratio of transmission and-being constructed to turnV the adjusting member connected thereto through an angle greater than the angle-01": rotation'of the gun-barrel and said range member respectively, and each of said adjusting members carrying an adjusting mark adapted to register the adjusting mark yof Athe other adjustingjmember when the sighting means 'carrier and said range member are adjusted relatively to each other for the range of zero and the axis of the'bore off the Vgun barrel is line.

RICHARD SCIVIRMANN. LEOPOLD SCHMIDT.

parallel to Vthe sighting 

